Design of Clean Steel Production with Hydrogen: Impact of Electricity System Composition

In Europe, electrification is considered a key option to obtain cleaner production of steel at the same time as electricity system portfolio expected consist an increasing share varying renewable (VRE) generation, mainly in form solar PV and wind power. We investigate cost-efficient designs hydrogen-based steelmaking systems dominated by VRE. develop apply linear cost-minimization model with hourly resolution, which determines cost-optimal operation sizing units including electrolyser, direct reduction shaft, electric arc furnace, well storage for hydrogen hot-briquetted iron pellets. show that price following leads savings running costs but increased capital cost due investments overcapacity For two VRE-dominated regions, we reduces total 23% 17%, respectively, compared continuous constant level. also design process dependent upon mix.